Unit 2: The Savior Comes，Session 7
Title: 主的安息日"Lord
of the Sabbath" 1/13/2019
經文Scriptures：路加福音Luke 5:36-39; 6:1-11
Worldwide Outreach Teaching
School 賴美滿 校長
https://www.WorldwideOTS.org
前言PREFACE: 今天的課，是要了解安息日，基督徒以星期日為安息日，猶太人以星期六為安息日。根據聖經我們都知道，六日要勞碌做工，但為何在第七日要向耶和華我們的上帝敬拜，守安息聖日呢？ 看看耶穌時代典型的守安息日吧！今日課程要更深舉例說明耶穌時代和猶太教之區分所在。耶穌那先日之見超越我們的預料得知祂是誰和祂如何在世上工作。Today’s lesson is about the observance of every seventh day for worship
and rest is one of the unique contributions of the Christian tradition. Jewish
people keep the Sabbath holy for worship. What does it mean to keep the Sabbath
holy? Take a look at a typical Sabbath celebration in Jesus’ time! The session
today illustrates the deepening division around Jesus in His time. Jesus goes
beyond our preconceived ideas of who He is and how He works in the world.
上週Last Week：我們看到耶穌的任務和祂的工作方式，能使我們再度活出專心於上帝要我們在世界上任務。
We
looked at the mission of Jesus and the ways in which we can stay focused on
living out the mission of God in our world.
這週This Week：我們將了解那傳統的敬拜方式和信心的保持人造規則可能造成反結果。We will understand that traditions can be counterproductive when
they shift from worship and faithfulness to simply keeping human-made rules.
1. Old
and New—Living the Lawful請讀經文 Scriptures reading: 路加福音Luke 5: 36-39, 耶穌又設一個比喻、對他們說、沒有人把新衣服撕下一塊來、補在舊衣服上．若是這樣、就把新的撕破了、並且所撕下來的那塊新的、和舊也不相稱。也沒有人把新酒裝在舊皮袋裡．若是這樣、新酒必將皮袋裂開、酒便漏出來、皮袋也就壞了。但新酒必須裝在新皮袋裡。沒有人喝了陳酒又想喝新的、他總說陳的好。
Jesus told them this parable: "No one tears a
patch from a new garment and sews it on an old one. If he does, he will have
torn the new garment, and the patch from the new will not match the old. And no
one pours new wine into old wineskins. If he does, the new wine will burst the
skins, the wine will run out and the wineskins will be ruined. No, new wine
must be poured into new wineskins. And no one after drinking old wine wants the
new, for he says, 'The old is better.'
解經Commentary: 路加福音Luke 5:36-39,
靈修版解經: 皮若柔，新酒不漏，故新酒不進舊囊。心如堅硬，則寸話不入。酒囊是將羊皮的邊緣縫合，做成不漏水的袋。新酒變陳時會發酵膨脹，所以要裝進新的，柔韌的酒囊裏。已經用過的酒囊，因為羊皮已變硬，容易脹破使酒漏出來。法利賽人就像舊酒囊一樣，太僵硬了，只能裝他們的傳統和規則，不能接受耶穌。基督教要求發展新的方向，新的傳統和新的結構。我們教會的事工架構也不應該僵化，以致沒有空間接受聖靈新的感動，新的方法和意念頭。我們也須謹慎，免得我們的心變剛硬，不能接受耶穌帶給我們的新思想。
Commentary
from N.I.V.: “Wineskins” were goatskins sewed
together at the edges to form watertight bags. Because new wine expands as it
ages, it had to be put in new, pliable wineskins. A used skin, having become
more rigid, would burst and spill the wine. Like old wineskins, the Pharisees
were too rigid to accept Jesus, who could not be contained in their traditions
or rules. Christianity required new approaches, new traditions, and new
structures. Our church programs and ministries should not be so structured that
they have no room for a fresh touch of the Spirit, a new method, or a new idea.
We, too, must be careful that our hearts do not become so rigid that they
prevent us from accepting the new way of thinking that Christ brings.
2. Sabbath and the Son of Man, 讀經文路加福音6: 1-5,有一個安息日、耶穌從麥地經過．他的門徒掐了麥穗、用手搓著喫。有幾個法利賽人說、你們為甚麼作安息日不可作的事呢。耶穌對他們說、經上記著大衛和跟從他的人、飢餓之時所作的事、連這個你們也沒有念過麼? 他怎麼進了 神的殿、拿陳設餅喫、又給跟從的人喫．這餅除了祭司以外、別人都不可喫。又對他們說、人子是安息日的主。
Scriptures reading
Luke 6: 1-5, One Sabbath Jesus was going through the grain fields; and His
disciples began to pick some heads of grain, rub them in their hands and eat
the kernels. Some of the Pharisees asked, "Why are you doing what is
unlawful on the Sabbath?"
Jesus answered them,
"Have you never read what David did when he and his companions were
hungry? He entered the house of God, and taking the consecrated bread, he ate
what is lawful only for priests to eat. And he also gave some to his companions."
Then Jesus said to them, "The Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath."
解經Commentary: 路加福音Luke 6:1-5,
Vv.1-2, 在猶太人的傳統律法規條中，共有三十九項在安息日禁止進行活動。收割就是其中一項。律法教師甚至仔細描述不同的收割方法，其中一種是把麥穗放在手中挫，就像門徒在這裡所做的。神的律法說，農夫不要收割田邊之農作物，好留給旅客和貧窮的人(參申23:25)，因此門徒並沒有偷取麥穗，也沒有破壞守安息之誡命。事實上，他們違反了法利賽人的傳統規條，而非違反神的任何律法。
In Jewish legal tradition, there were 39 categories of
activities forbidden on the Sabbath. And harvesting was one of them. The
teachers of the law even went so far as to describe different methods of
harvesting. One method was to rub the heads of grain between the hands, as the
disciples were doing here. God’s law said farmers were to leave the edges of
their fields unplowed so travelers and the poor could eat from this bounty
(Deuteronomy 23:25), so the disciples were not guilty of stealing grain.
Neither were they breaking the Sabbath by doing their daily work on it. In
fact, though they may have been violating the Pharisees’ rules, they were not
breaking any divine law.
V. 2, 法利賽人以為他們的宗教系統能解結一切的問題。所以他們不能接受耶穌。我們也可能基於相同的原因而把基督遺忘了。要小心，不要以為您和您的教會已有了一切的答案，沒有一個宗教系統可以完全包含基督，或完全滿足祂對世人的要求。
The Pharisees thought their religious system had all
the answers. They could not accept Jesus because he did not fit into their
system. We could miss Christ for the same reason. Beware of thinking that you
or your church has all the answers. No religious system is big enough to
contain Christ completely or to fulfill perfectly all his desires for the world.
Vv. 3-5 每星期聖殿之桌子上都會放12個餅，代表以色列十二個派，這餅稱為陳設餅。這些已經陳設的餅，只有祭司可以吃。耶穌被指違反安息日的規定，於是祂引用大衛很著名的故事，(參考撒母21:1-6) : 有一次，在大衛逃避掃羅追殺時，他和其部下便吃了這陳設餅，因為他們的需要，比宗教上的規定更重要。耶穌也在講同樣的道理: 人的需要比人的規定更重要。耶穌把自己及其門徒與大衛及其部下比較，其意思是說 : “如果你們定我的罪，也就是定大衛的罪。” Each
week 12 consecrated loaves of bread, representing the 12 tribes of Israel, were
placed on a table in the temple. This bread was called the bread of Presence.
After its use in the temple, it was to be eaten only by priests. Jesus, accused
of Sabbath-breaking, referred to a well-known story about David (1 Samuel:
21:1-6). On one occasion, when fleeing from Saul, David and his men ate this
consecrated bread. Their need was more important than ceremonial regulations.
Jesus was appealing to the same principle: human need is more important than
human regulations and rules. By comparing himself and his disciples with
David and his men, Jesus was saying, “If you condemn me, you must also condemn
David.”
3. Sabbath and Saving Lives請讀經文路加福音6:
6-11, 又有一個安息日、耶穌進了會堂教訓人．在那裡有一個人右手枯乾了。文士和法利賽人窺探耶穌、在安息日治病不治病．要得把柄去告他。耶穌卻知道他們的意念．就對那枯乾一隻手的人說、起來、站在當中。那人就起來站著。
耶穌對他們說、我問你們、在安息日行善行惡、救命害命、那樣是可以的呢。
他把手一伸、手就復了原。他們就滿心大怒、彼此商議、怎樣處治耶穌。
Scriptures
reading: Luke
6: 6-11, On another Sabbath he went into the synagogue and was teaching,
and a man was there whose right hand was shriveled. The Pharisees and the
teachers of the law were looking for a reason to accuse Jesus, so they watched
him closely to see if he would heal on the Sabbath. But Jesus knew what they
were thinking and said to the man with the shriveled hand, "Get up and
stand in front of everyone." So he got up and stood there. Then Jesus said
to them, "I ask you, which is lawful on the Sabbath: to do good or to do
evil, to save life or to destroy it?" He looked around at them all, and
then said to the man, "Stretch out your hand." He did so, and his
hand was completely restored. But they were furious and began to discuss with
one another what they might do to Jesus.
解經Commentary: 路加福音Luke 6:6-11,
Vv.6, 7 是不是所有做事有原則的人，都不太明白原則的含義？你看那些宗教領導者……按照宗教領導者的傳統，安息日不可治病。他們認為治病就是行醫，是醫師工作的一部分，而任何人都不可在安息日工作。對於宗教領導者來說，維護他們的律法，較把人從痛苦中救出來更重要。
According to tradition of
the religious leaders, no healing could be done on the Sabbath. Healing, they argued,
was practicing medicine, and a person could not practice his or her profession
on the Sabbath. It was more important for the religious leaders to protect
their laws than to free a person from painful suffering.
Vv.11, 耶穌的對手很憤怒，因為耶穌不僅知道他們想些什麼，更冒視他們的律法規條，揭露他們內心的恨意。他們的恨意和他們的律法熱衷結合，竟然趨勢他們策劃一件明顯的觸犯律法--就是殺人的事，這是極大的犯律法。
Jesus’
opponents were furious. Not only had Jesus read their minds, he also flouted their
laws and exposed the hatred in their hearts. It is ironic that it was their
hatred, combined with their zeal for the law that drove them to lot murder – an
act was clearly against the law.
4. 結論CONCLUSION:
1. Old and New: 內心不要老是剛硬，要保持柔軟的新心，使我們能接受耶穌那改變新生命的信息。
No
stubborn Heart, we need to keep our hearts pliable, so we can accept Jesus’ New
life-changing message.
2. Sabbath: 上帝定安息日使百姓敬拜和休息一天，猶太人以星期六敬拜上帝，基督教以星期日為一周的第一日也是安息日，The day God set aside for rest and worship. Among the Jews, the
Sabbath is the Saturday. Among Christians, it’s the 1st day (Sunday).
Jews’ Sabbath cannot offer help to the needy people; on Sunday,
Christians
can do good to save others’ life. (Lk.6:9)
3. Sabbath and Saving
Lives: 在安息日行善、救命、是對的 (6:9)。 所以我們要做好事情: 做到
“尋求主旨意勤讀聖經，謙卑侍奉討主歡喜，強救靈魂尊主紛附，只求一生榮耀主。”
As
the Son of God, Jesus had the authority to overrule the terms, so we must do
good things:
Obeying
His commands to study bible, humbly serving and saving others’ life, set a life
of glorify to the Lord.
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主的安息日
