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Negative reinforcement is the removal of a stimulus (i.e., something that is aversive to the learner) after a learner with ASD uses a target behavior or skill. That is, learners work to get rid of something that is unpleasant to them. Negative reinforcement often is used to alter interfering behaviors (e.g., repetitive, stereotypical, disruptive). When used effectively, negative reinforcement increases a learner¡¦s use and/or maintenance of the target behavior (Alberto & Troutman, 2008; Zirpoli, 2005). Negative reinforcement is often used to teach self-help skills and replacement behaviors to take the place of interfering behaviors (e.g., repetitive, stereotypical, disruptive); however, it also can be used to teach all skills. Negative reinforcement is often used only after other reinforcement strategies, such as positive reinforcement and differential reinforcement (Please refer to Differential Reinforcement, developed by the National Professional Development Center on ASD, 2009) ¡C
It is important to note that negative reinforcement is not the same as punishment. The difference between the two is that negative reinforcement is used to increase the target behavior, whereas punishment is used to decrease a behavior.
-The National Professional Development Center On Autism Spectrum Disorder
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